Meaning of Actual Malice in Urdu

ايکچوول ميلس - ریاست ہائے متحدہ امریکہ کے قانون میں

Actual malice in United States law is a condition required to establish libel against public officials or public figures and is defined as "knowledge that the information was false" or that it was published "with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not." Reckless disregard does not encompass mere neglect in following professional standards of fact checking.